A Perfect Planet. 一个完美的星球.
We live in a world with a violent atmosphere. 我们生活在一个充满暴力气氛的世界.
Rain clouds form, 雨云形成,
and powerful winds carry their fresh water around the globe. 强风把淡水带到全球各地.
Without this,our perfect planet simply couldn't function 没有这个,我们完美的星球就无法运转
for all life on land depends on the weather. 因为陆地上所有的生命都取决于天气.
We all know that the weather can change on a daily, 我们都知道天气每天都在变化,
even hourly,basis. 甚至每小时一次.
But annual weather patterns have been stable for millennia 但几千年来,每年的天气模式一直是稳定的
and it's this reliability on which life depends. 而生命所依赖的正是这种可靠性.
Every year in October,the weather brings a dramatic transformation 每年十月,天气都会带来戏剧性的变化
to this tiny patch of forest in Zambia. 去赞比亚的一小块森林.
Storm clouds begin to build. 风暴云开始形成.
And right on cue,straw-coloured fruit bats start to appear. 就在这时,稻草色的果蝠开始出现.
They've travelled hundreds,if not thousands,of miles to be here. 他们已经走了几百英里,甚至几千英里来到这里.
And they always arrive at exactly the same time. 他们总是在同一时间到达.
They know that these rains will transform this forest, 他们知道这些雨水会改变这片森林,
allowing countless fruit trees to ripen. 让无数的果树成熟.
And the bats gorge on the new-found abundance. 蝙蝠贪婪地寻找新发现的丰饶.
For just 12 weeks every year, 每年只有12周,
this forest becomes home to ten million fruit bats. 这片森林成了一千万果蝠的家园.
One of the greatest gatherings of mammals on Earth, 地球上最伟大的哺乳动物聚集地之一,
all crowding into an area no bigger than a dozen football pitches. 都挤在一个不超过十几个足球场的地方.
From this hub,the bats fan out, 蝙蝠从这个中心扇出,
consuming more than 300,000 tonnes of fruit, 消耗了30多万吨水果,
spreading the seeds and regenerating the forests. 传播种子和更新森林.
Africa's largest wildlife migration entirely dependent on the rain 非洲最大的野生动物迁徙完全依赖雨水
that comes to this small corner of Zambia 来到赞比亚的这个小角落
at the same time each year. 每年的同一时间.
Every second,over 13 million tonnes of water 每秒,超过1300万吨的水
evaporate from our oceans,forming clouds. 从我们的海洋蒸发,形成云.
The spin of the Earth and the prevailing winds 地球自转和盛行的风
determine where these clouds blow. 确定这些云层的位置.
As a consequence,some places get less rain 因此,有些地方的雨水较少
and others much more. 还有更多.
The Amazon rainforest 亚马逊雨林
one of the wettest places on Earth. 地球上最潮湿的地方之一.
It gets three metres of rain a year 一年有三米的雨
so life has learned to deal with the near-daily downpours. 因此,生活已经学会了应对几乎每天的倾盆大雨.
Every year,for thousands of years, 每年,几千年来,
the persistent rains have flooded vast tracts of the Amazon 持续的降雨淹没了亚马逊的大片地区
turning the jungle into a seasonal wetland. 把丛林变成季节性湿地.
Anything living here must either climb or swim. 住在这里的任何东西要么爬要么游.
But there's one extraordinary animal that has turned this deluge 但有一种非凡的动物扭转了这场洪水
from a disaster into an opportunity. 从灾难变成机遇.
This fire ant has reached the edge of her known world. 这只火蚁已经到达了她已知世界的边缘.
Her way forward has now become blocked by the rising waters. 她的前进之路现在已被上涨的河水堵住了.
She's one of many,and in a few minutes 她是很多人中的一个,几分钟后
their underground home will be submerged. 他们的地下家园将被淹没.
Forced to evacuate,workers and soldiers try to save the larval young. 被迫撤离的工人和士兵们试图拯救幼仔.
As their nest floods,the colony seems to be doomed. 当它们的巢穴被洪水淹没时,这个殖民地似乎注定要灭亡.
But from chaos comes order. 但混乱带来秩序.
The fire ants band together,each locking legs with its neighbours. 火蚁聚在一起,每一只都和它的邻居锁在一起.
They're building a living raft. 他们正在建造一个救生筏.
Each ant is covered in fine hairs that trap air against its body. 每只蚂蚁身上都长满了细毛,这些细毛能把空气吸引到身体上.
As the raft forms,this air creates a cushion for them all to float on. 当木筏形成时,这些空气为它们提供了一个漂浮的缓冲层.
This is the power of the colony. 这就是殖民地的力量.
By working together,they've become unsinkable. 通过合作,他们变得永不沉没.
And no-one gets left behind. 没有人会落在后面.
Pulled from the shallows,the colony is now at the mercy of the flood. 从浅滩拉出来的殖民地现在受洪水的摆布.
Holding tight to the larvae 紧紧抓住幼虫
and keeping their queen hidden at the centre of the raft, 把王后藏在木筏中央,
the colony drifts into deeper water 这个殖民地漂流到更深的水里
where they're vulnerable to fish 在那里它们很容易被鱼吃掉
that now swim through the flooded forest. 它们现在游过被洪水淹没的森林.
Those that lose their grip must get back to the safety of the raft. 那些失去抓地力的人必须回到救生筏的安全处.
With jaws that join to become a surgical needle, 下颚连接成一根外科针头,
this pond skater could suck an ant dry. 这个池塘溜冰者能把蚂蚁吸干.
But together the colony is strong, 但在一起,殖民地是强大的,
and it's time to repel boarders. 是时候驱逐寄宿生了.
The ants can travel like this for weeks. 蚂蚁可以这样旅行几个星期.
They've even come to depend on the flood to carry them 他们甚至开始依靠洪水来运送他们
to new feeding grounds. 去新的饲养场.
At last,the ants can make their raft secure. 最后,蚂蚁们可以把他们的筏子固定住了.
Surging forward,they claim their new home 他们勇往直前,声称拥有自己的新家
evicting current tenants without hesitation. 毫不犹豫地驱逐现有房客.
One of the first to safety is their larval queen, 首先安全的是它们的幼虫皇后,
carried from the heart of the raft. 从木筏的中心带出来的.
This palm will be their home for the next three months, 这个棕榈树将是他们未来三个月的家,
until the floodwaters recede and they can head back underground. 直到洪水退去,他们可以回到地下.
The average temperature of our planet hasn't varied 我们星球的平均温度没有变化
by more than a single degree Celsius in 10,000 years. 在一万年内下降了一摄氏度以上.
This has made our climate stable, 这使得我们的气候稳定,
allowing animals to fine-tune their behaviour 允许动物微调它们的行为
around predictable weather patterns. 围绕可预测的天气模式.
October in the Amazon. 十月在亚马逊.
The heaviest rains have come to an end, 大雨已经结束了,
and the falling river level exposes a new landscape. 河流水位的下降暴露了一种新的景观.
Three weeks ago,these mile-wide sand bars didn't exist. 三周前,这些一英里宽的沙洲根本不存在.
In another three months,they'll be back under water. 再过三个月,他们就会回到水下.
But now they provide a crucial opportunity for giant river turtles. 但现在它们为巨型河龟提供了一个关键的机会.
They've been coming here at precisely this time of year for generations. 他们世世代代就在这个时候来到这里.
50,000 of them - a quarter of the world's population. 其中50000人——占世界人口的四分之一.
They're all here for one reason. 他们来这里只有一个原因.
But their window of opportunity is short, 但他们的机会很短,
so timing is everything. 所以时间就是一切.
Scaling the three-metre-high banks will take this female 爬上三米高的堤岸会让这只雌性
higher and drier than she's been for months. 比几个月前更高更干燥.
She's come here to lay her eggs. 她是来产卵的.
But others have beaten her to it. 但其他人已经打败了她.
The early arrivals have already claimed 早到的人已经认领了
nearly every inch of the beach 几乎每一寸海滩
and there are still many more turtles to come. 还有更多的海龟要来.
Wherever she turns,the space is taken. 无论她转向哪里,空间都被占据了.
But being fashionably late does have an advantage. 但是时髦地迟到确实有好处.
Had she arrived earlier,her eggs might have been 如果她早一点到的话,她的蛋可能就坏了
dug up by those searching for somewhere to lay. 被那些寻找藏身之处的人挖出来的.
She's found her spot. 她找到了自己的位置.
Settling down,she lays nearly 100 eggs. 安顿下来,她下了将近100个蛋.
Burying them keeps them safe from predators, 埋葬它们可以保护它们免受捕食者的伤害,
and the warm sand incubates the clutch. 温暖的沙子孕育着离合器.
They must hatch before the river rises again and floods the sandbar. 它们必须在河水再次上涨并淹没沙洲之前孵化.
Any turtles that lay after her may have left it too late. 任何在她身后躺着的乌龟都可能离开得太晚了.
Hopefully,she has got her timing right. 希望她时机把握得对.
Two months on,and the hatchlings emerge into the world. 两个月过去了,幼仔出现在这个世界上.
They were laid at the perfect time. 他们在最合适的时候被放了下来.
Hundreds scramble for the river 成百上千的人争抢这条河
just as the water starts to rise. 就在水开始上升的时候.
Those still to hatch aren't so lucky. 那些还没孵化的就没那么幸运了.
This year,the heavy rains have returned early. 今年,暴雨来得早.
The nesting beach is beginning to flood. 筑巢的海滩开始泛滥.
Most hatchlings can escape in time. 大多数幼仔都能及时逃走.
Those still below ground 那些还在地下的
will drown in their nests. 会淹死在它们的巢穴里.
For thousands of years,giant river turtles have timed their breeding 几千年来,巨型河龟一直在为它们的繁殖计时
around the Amazon's reliable cycles of rain. 围绕着亚马逊可靠的降雨周期.
But today,our weather is changing. 但是今天,我们的天气在变.
Disastrous early floods like this used to happen once every 20 years. 像这样灾难性的早期洪水过去每20年发生一次.
Now the turtles have to deal with them every four. 现在海龟们每四个就得对付一次.
Winds may carry huge amounts of rain to the Amazon, 风可能会把大量的雨水带到亚马逊,
but they don't provide this service to every corner of the planet. 但他们并没有向地球的每一个角落提供这种服务.
A third of the land receives less than 25cm of rain a year. 三分之一的土地每年的降雨量不到25厘米.
Deserts are scarred by desiccating winds and baked by the sun. 沙漠被干燥的风刮得伤痕累累,被太阳烤得焦头烂额.
But even weather as challenging as this can be perfect for the locals. 但即使是这样充满挑战的天气,对当地人来说也是完美的.
As darkness falls in the coastal deserts of South Africa, 随着南非沿海沙漠的黑暗降临,
the dunes come alive 沙丘变得活跃起来
with the call of a surprising desert dweller. 伴随着一个令人惊讶的沙漠居民的呼唤.
A rain frog. 雨蛙.
Not what you'd expect in a place that gets just 7cm of rain a year. 在一个年降雨量只有7厘米的地方,这可不是你所期望的.
To survive here,she has to avoid the heat of the day 为了在这里生存,她必须避开炎热的天气
buried in the sand. 埋在沙子里.
But each night,she heads out 但每天晚上,她都会出去
on her hunt for moisture. 她在寻找水分.
Short,stumpy legs and a plump body are ideal for digging 短而粗的腿和丰满的身体是挖掘的理想选择
but not so good for getting around. 但不太适合四处走动.
She can't hop,so she waddles across the dunes. 她不会跳,所以她摇摇晃晃地穿过沙丘.
The world's slowest steeplechaser. 世界上最慢的障碍赛跑选手.
Obstacles are tackled with dogged perseverance. 用顽强的毅力克服困难.
She can travel a whopping 38 metres a night. 她一晚上能走38米远.
No mean feat when you're the same size and shape as a marshmallow. 当你和棉花糖一样大小和形状的时候,这可不是什么了不起的壮举.
Termites. 白蚁.
They are 75% water - 它们是75%的水-
a meal and a drink in one. 一餐一饮合一.
But she's not the most agile predator. 但她不是最敏捷的捕食者.
Maybe if they just came a little closer ? 如果他们再靠近一点？
Oh,dear. 哦,亲爱的.
Perhaps if they stop moving ? 如果他们停止移动？
At last. 最后.
But now she has another challenge. 但现在她面临另一个挑战.
To swallow her food,she must squash in her eyeballs 要吞下食物,她必须用眼球挤压
to push it down her throat. 把它压进她的喉咙.
Termites may be juicy, 白蚁可能多汁,
but they don't provide her with quite enough water to survive. 但是他们没有给她足够的水来生存.
It rarely rains here, 这里很少下雨,
but coastal deserts do get another reliable source of moisture. 但是沿海沙漠确实有另一个可靠的水分来源.
At night - cool,moist air is blown in from the ocean, 夜晚,凉爽潮湿的空气从海洋中吹来,
forming fog banks that shroud the desert in mist. 形成雾堤,把沙漠笼罩在雾中.
It condenses on vegetation,wetting the sand beneath. 它凝结在植被上,湿润了下面的沙子.
So it's here that she waits,absorbing moisture through her skin. 所以她就在这里等待,通过皮肤吸收水分.
Rain frogs are so dependent on this water that they can only survive 雨蛙是如此依赖于水,他们只能生存
in places with at least 100 days of fog a year. 在每年至少有100天雾的地方.
And on the foggiest nights, 在大雾弥漫的夜晚,
when other frogs have emerged onto the dunes, 当其他青蛙出现在沙丘上时,
she takes her opportunity to find love. 她抓住机会寻找爱情.
Male rain frogs are smaller than the females, 雄性雨蛙比雌性小,
and his stubby legs make it hard to hold on 他的短粗的腿让他很难坚持住
so he glues himself onto her back. 所以他把自己粘在她的背上.
Still locked in their embrace, 仍然被他们拥抱着,
the pair head back beneath the sand,where they'll lay their eggs, 两人回到沙子下面产卵,
safe from the heat of the desert sun. 远离沙漠阳光的灼热.
But there's one desert that gets so cold 但是有一个沙漠变得很冷
that liquid water simply can't exist. 液态水根本不可能存在.
Winter in Mongolia's Gobi Desert. 蒙古戈壁沙漠的冬天.
40 degrees below freezing. 零下40度.
One of the driest and most extreme environments in the world. 世界上最干燥最极端的环境之一.
Most animals can't survive weather like this 大多数动物不能在这样的天气里生存
but there's one unique mammal 但是有一种独特的哺乳动物
that manages to eke out a living here. 在这里勉强维持生计.
The Gobi is home to the last 1,000 wild Bactrian camels on Earth 戈壁是地球上最后1000头野生双峰驼的家园
surviving at the very edge of what's possible. 在可能的边缘生存.
Even camels need moisture, 即使骆驼也需要水分,
but any water here is now frozen solid. 但这里的水现在都冻成了固体.
It's down to the bull to find a solution. 要想找到一个解决办法就得靠公牛了.
Setting off with his herd, 带着他的牛群出发,
his search could cover thousands of square miles. 他的搜索范围可达数千平方英里.
Driving them forward,he can keep going for days on end. 推动他们前进,他可以连续几天继续前进.
Herds come together from across their vast range 牛群从广阔的范围聚集在一起
all looking for the same thing. 都在找同一件事.
These long-distance specialists can smell moisture from 30 miles away 这些长途专家能闻到30英里外的湿气
and they've picked up a scent. 他们发现了一种气味.
Even in the Gobi,one of the driest places on Earth, 即使在戈壁,地球上最干燥的地方之一,
wind can provide a rare source of moisture. 风可以提供罕见的湿气来源.
Snow is blown to this desert from Siberia. 雪是从西伯利亚吹到这个沙漠的.
Where it settles is impossible to predict, 它在哪里定居是无法预测的,
and it may not last long. 可能不会持续太久.
But for now,at least,this bull has found what he's been searching for. 但至少现在,这头公牛已经找到了他一直在寻找的东西.
In the cold,dry air, 在寒冷干燥的空气中,
snow doesn't melt 雪不会融化
so it must be eaten. 所以一定要吃.
The Gobi's windblown snow is a lifeline 戈壁的风雪是一条生命线
that will sustain his herd throughout the winter. 整个冬天都能养活他的牛群.
Even in this most hostile of places, 即使在这个最敌对的地方,
weather still provides just enough for survival. 天气仍然只够生存.
The largest,most unpredictable weather on the planet 地球上最大最难以预料的天气
starts far out at sea. 从遥远的海上开始.
Hurricanes,typhoons and tropical cyclones 飓风、台风和热带气旋
are violent,short-lived megastorms. 是剧烈的,短暂的大风暴.
But there's a far more reliable weather system 但是有一个更可靠的天气系统
that originates over the ocean 起源于海洋
one that is eagerly anticipated by all in its path. 在其发展道路上被所有人热切期待的人.
Monsoons are seasonal winds that blow at the same time each year 季风是季节性的风,每年在同一时间吹
and they carry colossal amounts of water from the ocean to the land. 它们把大量的水从海洋带到陆地.
Christmas Island. 圣诞岛.
A remote speck of rock in the Indian Ocean. 印度洋上一块遥远的岩石.
For the last four months,its forest interior has remained dry and dusty. 在过去的四个月里,它的森林内部一直保持干燥和多尘.
Life here is waiting for change. 这里的生活在等待改变.
In November,the first storms of the monsoon reach the island. 11月,季风的第一场风暴抵达该岛.
They're a welcome relief for those that have suffered through the dry. 对于那些在干旱中受苦受难的人来说,它们是一种受欢迎的解脱.
And they are vital for the island's most numerous residents. 它们对岛上最多的居民来说是至关重要的.
The red crabs of Christmas Island. 圣诞岛上的红螃蟹.
They've spent the dry season sheltering in damp burrows 他们在潮湿的洞穴里躲过了旱季
beneath the leaf litter. 在落叶层下面.
Crabs breathe through gills that must be kept moist. 螃蟹通过必须保持湿润的鳃呼吸.
So it's only with the return of the annual monsoon 所以只有在每年季风回归的时候
that these land crabs can finally emerge. 这些陆蟹最终会出现.
With the humidity now high enough, 现在湿度够大了,
they can begin an epic trek to the coast. 他们可以开始史诗般的长途跋涉到海岸.
Every red crab comes together from across the island, 每一只红螃蟹都来自岛的另一端,
and they do so in their millions. 他们以百万计.
50 million,to be precise. 准确地说是5000万.
They've come to release their eggs that can only develop in the ocean. 它们是来释放只能在海洋中发育的卵的.
There's just one small problem. 只有一个小问题.
They may be crabs 它们可能是螃蟹
but they can't swim. 但他们不会游泳.
They're scared of the sea. 他们害怕大海.
But they don't have a choice. 但他们别无选择.
They must release their eggs on the highest tide. 它们必须在最高的潮水上产卵.
Each carries around 100,000 eggs, 每个都有大约10万个鸡蛋,
so over just two or three nights, 所以就两三个晚上,
trillions are released into the ocean. 数以万亿计的二氧化碳被释放到海洋中.
Though some are more successful than others. 尽管有些人比其他人更成功.
Once their work is done,the crabs will return to the forest. 一旦他们的工作完成,螃蟹将返回森林.
Then,four weeks later, 四周后,
on the next highest tide 在下一个高潮
having hatched out to sea, 孵化出海,
a new generation of red crabs returns to the same beach. 新一代红蟹回归同一海滩.
In good years like this one, 在这样的好年景里,
countless millions arrive back on the shores of Christmas Island, 无数的人回到圣诞岛的海岸,
turning the beaches red. 把海滩变成红色.
Like their parents,they also need moisture in the air to breathe. 像他们的父母一样,他们也需要空气中的水分来呼吸.
So before the rains move on, 所以在下雨之前,
the young crabs must undertake their own epic journey into the forest, 幼小的螃蟹必须开始他们自己的史诗般的森林之旅,
where they'll wait out the next few months of dry. 在那里他们将等待未来几个月的干旱.
The Christmas Island crab - 圣诞岛蟹-
entirely reliant on the return of the monsoon. 完全依赖季风的回归.
The annual rhythms of the weather shape life across our planet. 每年的天气节奏塑造了地球上的生命.
In some parts of the world, 在世界的某些地方,
seasonal cycles of wet and dry can bring dramatic change. 季节性的干湿循环会带来巨大的变化.
And there are few places where this is more apparent 很少有地方比这更明显
than southern Africa. 而不是南部非洲.
The Zambezi River. 赞比西河.
It flows across six countries and drains half a million square miles. 它流经六个国家,排水面积达50万平方英里.
At the peak of the wet season, 在雨季的高峰期,
5,000 tonnes of water cascade over Victoria Falls every second. 每秒有5000吨的水从维多利亚瀑布流下.
And yet,each year when the rains stop, 然而,每年雨停的时候,
these falls run dry. 这些瀑布干涸了.
It's almost as if someone turns off the tap. 就好像有人关了水龙头.
May 五月
December. 十二月.
Wet season 雨季
dry season. 旱季.
It's happened like this for thousands of years. 几千年来都是这样.
But there are signs that the weather here is changing. 但有迹象表明这里的天气正在变化.
In recent years,the volume of water flowing over Victoria Falls 近年来,流经维多利亚瀑布的水量
has dropped by half. 下降了一半.
A concern for animals that have come to rely on 对依赖动物的关注
the natural rhythms of wet and dry. 干湿交替的自然节奏.
Zambia's Luangwa River is a major tributary of the Zambezi. 赞比亚的Luangwa河是赞比西的一条主要支流.
Every year,as the dry season takes hold, 每年旱季来临,
it dwindles into pools. 它逐渐变成了水池.
Accommodation starts to get tight for the locals. 当地人的住宿条件开始紧张起来.
With no other water around,the river becomes a magnet for visitors. 由于周围没有别的水,这条河成了吸引游客的磁石.
Millions of red-billed quelea flock to the water's edge. 数以百万计的红嘴雀群涌向水边.
These seed eaters need to drink every day 这些吃种子的人每天都要喝水
and Nile crocodiles know it. 尼罗河鳄鱼也知道.
They may not have eaten for six months. 他们可能已经六个月没吃东西了.
For them,the dry season is the start of the good times. 对他们来说,旱季是好时光的开始.
And they are not the only ones to depend on this time of year. 他们不是每年这个时候唯一依赖的人.
Carmine bee-eaters have flown hundreds of miles 食用胭脂红的蜜蜂已经飞行了数百英里
from the rainforests of the Congo 来自刚果的热带雨林
arriving at the peak of the dry season, 到了旱季的高峰期,
when steep sandbanks are exposed by the falling water. 当陡峭的沙洲被落水冲出时.
They're a perfect place to nest, 它们是个完美的巢穴,
out of reach of predators from above. 从上面掠食者够不着的地方.
Bee-eater burrows can extend for two metres into the soft river sand. 食蜂洞可以伸入松软的河沙中两米.
Already home to 6,000 nests, 已经有6000个巢穴了,
real estate at Bee-eater Towers is in high demand. 食蜂塔的房地产需求量很大.
But it pays not to build too close to the neighbours. 但是不要建得离邻居太近是值得的.
As more birds arrive,competition for the best nesting sites heats up. 随着越来越多的鸟类抵达,争夺最佳筑巢地的竞争愈演愈烈.
It's thirsty work. 这是一项干渴的工作.
In the sudden commotion,they're vulnerable from below 在突如其来的骚乱中,他们很脆弱
and above. 以及以上.
African fish eagles. 非洲鱼鹰.
They are permanent residents here. 他们是这里的永久居民.
But at this time of the year,they don't just eat fish. 但在一年中的这个时候,他们不仅仅吃鱼.
The safest place to be is inside a burrow. 最安全的地方是在洞穴里.
But an eagle fly-by sends shock waves of panic through the colony. 但是一只飞过的老鹰却给整个殖民地带来了恐慌的冲击波.
The eagles' strategy is to pin their prey against the river bank. 老鹰的策略是把猎物钉在河岸上.
With the colony in disarray, 殖民地一片混乱,
the predators have the advantage. 捕食者有优势.
These fish eagles also choose to breed in the dry season, 这些鱼鹰也选择在旱季繁殖,
because they need the bee-eaters as food for their chicks. 因为它们需要吃蜜蜂的小鸡作为食物.
But this year's dry season shows no sign of letting up. 但今年的旱季并没有停止的迹象.
Parts of the river are now bone-dry, 部分河流现在已经干涸了,
forcing huge male hippos from their home. 强迫巨大的雄性河马离开它们的家.
With nowhere left to turn, 无处可去,
they must converge on the few remaining patches of water 它们必须聚集在仅存的几片水域上
but these are already occupied. 但这些已经被占用了.
The resident bull here can't tolerate another big male 这里的居民公牛不能容忍另一只大公牛
in his shrinking pool. 在他缩小的游泳池里.
The newcomer is banished. 新来的人被放逐了.
Still the sun bakes the land 太阳照耀着大地
with devastating consequences. 带来毁灭性的后果.
Hundreds of nests are wiped out. 数以百计的巢穴被消灭了.
Southern Africa has experienced dry seasons 南部非洲经历了旱季
for thousands of years. 几千年了.
But this is something different. 但这是不一样的.
Record high temperatures and the lowest rainfall in nearly 40 years 创下近40年来的最高气温和最低降雨量
have thrown parts of Africa into one of the worst droughts in a century. 使非洲部分地区陷入一个世纪以来最严重的干旱之一.
Across the planet,our once stable climate is changing. 在整个地球上,我们曾经稳定的气候正在发生变化.
Weather is less reliable 天气不太可靠
and is getting more extreme. 而且越来越极端.
Wildfires are becoming more frequent. 野火越来越频繁.
Droughts are more intense. 干旱更为严重.
And storms are more ferocious. 暴风雨更猛烈.
All this from a recent rise in global temperatures 所有这一切都源于最近全球气温的上升
of just a single degree Celsius. 只有一摄氏度.
Yet if climate change continues unchecked, 然而,如果气候变化继续不受控制,
we may see a rise of almost five degrees by the end of the century. 到本世纪末,我们可能会看到上升近五度.
We can only imagine what this will do to our weather. 我们只能想象这会对我们的天气造成什么影响.
There are a few things more daunting for the wildlife film crew 对于野生动物电影摄制组来说,还有一些事情更让人望而生畏
than the prospect of finding a very rare animal in a vast area. 比在广袤的土地上发现一种非常稀有的动物要难得多.
But that is the mission in Mongolia's Gobi Desert - 但这是蒙古戈壁沙漠的使命-
to film an animal numbering less than 500 拍摄少于500只的动物
in a wilderness of half a million square miles. 在50万平方英里的荒野里.
We're all loaded up.We got 40 cases of gear,we got nine vehicles. 我们都上膛了起来,我们有40箱装备,我们有9辆车.
We're off,we're heading to the Gobi. 我们出发了,我们要去戈壁.
From the capital,Ulaanbaatar, 来自首都乌兰巴托,
it'll take the team five days to cross Mongolia 横渡蒙古需要五天时间
in the depths of winter - 在深冬-
travelling in a convoy of large camping trucks, 乘坐大型露营车的车队,
home for the next five weeks. 在家里待五个星期.
1,000 miles later,the convoy reaches the Gobi and makes camp. 1000英里后,车队到达戈壁并扎营.
Well,we have woken up on our first morning, 我们第一天早上就醒了,
and it's about an hour-and-a-half before sunrise, 离日出还有一个半小时,
and rather foolishly we let the fire go out last night,so it's 我们昨晚把火放掉了,真是太愚蠢了
a cool minus 20 in here. 这里冷-20.
Everything's frozen solid - toothpaste,hot sauce for breakfast, 所有的东西都是冷冻固体-牙膏,早餐用辣酱,
even the AP's pee bottle 即使是美联社的尿壶
so that's nice. 所以这很好.
Finding a scarce animal in an area the size of Belgium 在比利时那么大的地方发现稀有动物
is clearly no small task 这显然不是一件小事
but impossible without the help of local researchers. 但是没有当地研究人员的帮助是不可能的.
Each day,the team scour thousands of square miles. 每一天,这个团队都要搜索数千平方英里的地方.
It's a huge area,and there's only 450 camels, 面积很大,只有450头骆驼,
so it really is a bit like a needle in a haystack. 所以这真的有点像大海捞针.
A truly enormous haystack. 真是大海捞针.
450 camels 450头骆驼
28,000 square miles. 28000平方英里.
Easy,yeah? Yeah. 放松,是吗？是 啊.
And when scanning the horizon for camels, 在地平线上搜寻骆驼的时候,
mistakes are all too easy. 犯错太容易了.
Another bush. 另一个灌木丛.
A bush.Sorry. A布什,对不起.
Sometimes there's not even a bush to look at. 有时连一棵灌木都看不到.
See anything? Nothing. 看到什么了吗？没有什么.
Another hill climbed. 又爬了一座山.
Another trail followed. 另一条线索随之而来.
Another dead end. 又一条死胡同.
Thankfully,the experts remain positive. 值得庆幸的是,专家们仍然持积极态度.
I hope you can see them soon. 我希望你能很快见到他们.
Yeah,yeah.Please. 是 啊,是的,求你了.
Two weeks since leaving the UK. 离开英国两周后.
I'm just hoping that we haven't 我只是希望我们没有
been slightly overambitious on this one. 在这个问题上有点过于雄心勃勃.
Getting slightly worried it might actually be impossible. 有点担心这其实是不可能的.
Hmm Good support there,thanks. 嗯,很好的支持,谢谢.
Eventually,the team spot their first camel 最终,这支队伍发现了他们的第一只骆驼
but,unfortunately,it spotted them first. 但不幸的是,它首先发现了他们.
Very far away. 很远.
Poaching has made the surviving camels very nervous, 偷猎让幸存的骆驼非常紧张,
and once they start running they can keep going for miles. 一旦他们开始跑步,他们就可以继续跑好几英里.
And when the winter winds kick off, 当寒风吹起,
all signs of camel vanish. 骆驼的所有迹象都消失了.
So,for about the past 24 hours,we've been experiencing 所以,在过去的24小时里,我们经历了
the Gobi winds.It's been gusting up to 70mph hour all night, 戈壁风.它整晚阵风时速高达70英里,
and the temps have probably been down to almost -50 温度可能降到了-50度
with the wind-chill.We just have to hunker down,we can't film in this. 随风而动-冷静.我们只能蹲下来,我们不能拍这个.
When the gale eases,the search reveals new hope. 当大风减弱时,搜寻工作显示出新的希望.
We got a load of fresh camel tracks here. 我们这里有很多新的骆驼足迹.
And all tracks head one way - 所有的轨迹都是单向的-
towards the even more remote mountainous southern Gobi. 走向更偏远的南部戈壁.
The team must decide if they should follow. 团队必须决定是否应该跟随.
Do you think that landscape is likely to be better for us? 你认为那片土地对我们可能更好吗？
More camels and closer encounters or ? 更多的骆驼和近距离接触？
What's your gut telling you? 你的直觉告诉你什么？
Because of the wintertime, 因为冬天,
we need to see some snow Mm. 我们要去看看雪.
to see camels. 去看骆驼.
To survive in this waterless desert,the camels depend on finding snow. 骆驼要在这片无水的沙漠中生存,就得靠找雪.
So,with none in sight, 所以,在看不到任何东西的情况下,
the team decide to try their luck in the icy mountains to the south. 这个队决定在南方的冰山上碰碰运气.
Sure enough,there's snow - 果然,下雪了-
and lots of it. 而且很多.
But the larger camping trucks struggle in the mountainous terrain, 但是更大的露营车在山区挣扎,
and the team are forced to go on without them, 球队被迫在没有他们的情况下继续前进,
leaving them somewhat more exposed to the winter conditions. 让它们更多地暴露在冬天的环境中.
It's been down to -25 over the last week. 上周已经降到-25了.
So very thin canvas tents will be a whole new experience 所以非常薄的帆布帐篷将是一个全新的体验
in the Gobi Desert for us. 在戈壁沙漠里.
I'm wearing,currently,two pairs of trousers,thermals, 我现在穿着两条裤子,保暖的,
thermals on top,two pairs of jumpers,three coats,two hats 上面有暖气,两对套头衫,三件外套,两顶帽子
So I THINK I should be all right. 所以我想我应该没事.
You all right,Eddie? 你没事吧,埃迪？
Oh,I'm terrific,yeah. 哦,我太棒了,是的.
Really terrific! 太棒了！
I'm all cosy. 我很舒服.
I'm not.I'm cold. 我不冷.我冷.
Really cold! 真冷！
As Adiya predicted,with snow come camels. 正如阿迪亚所预言的,下雪来了骆驼.
The signs are everywhere. 到处都是迹象.
But having travelled so far, 但是已经走了这么远,
they can't risk anything ruining this chance. 他们不能冒险破坏这次机会.
Camels don't seem to like the cars so 骆驼似乎不太喜欢这些车
now we walk. 现在我们走.
We've been walking for about five miles now, 我们已经走了五英里了,
and hiking across this landscape, 徒步穿越这片土地,
it really does give you a new-found respect for the camels. 它真的让你对骆驼有了新的尊敬.
We've seen some camels way out on the plain here, 我们在平原上见过一些骆驼,
but in order not to scare them,John's going to head out on his own. 但为了不吓唬他们,约翰打算自己出去.
Yeah,yeah,I can see him.He's,um 是的,是的,我能看见他.他,呃
Going to south? 去南方？
Yeah,he's going to the south,he's just this side of the ridge. 是的,他要去南方,他就在山脊的这边.
The camels come to John. 骆驼来到约翰身边.
They are? The camels are coming to John? 他们是？骆驼要来找约翰？
Yes! Really? 对！真的？
Maybe grab the bags and come down to where I am now 也许拿着袋子到我现在的地方来
by these bushes,and we'll see if we can't slip down into the oasis. 在这些灌木丛旁,我们看看能不能滑进绿洲.
This is just amazing.It's hard fought 这太神奇了.这是一场艰苦的战斗
but the reward is so worth it. 但回报是如此值得.
Because right now we're about 100 metres away 因为现在我们在100米外
from some of the rarest and hardiest mammals on the planet. 从地球上一些最稀有和最坚韧的哺乳动物身上.
What a privilege. 多大的特权啊.
The team film behaviour very few people have seen. 这个团队的行为很少有人看过.
Rare images of one of the world's most endangered creatures. 世界上最濒危的生物之一的罕见图像.
Once widespread across Central Asia, 曾经遍布中亚,
this uninhabited desert is the wild camels' final home. 这片无人居住的沙漠是野骆驼最后的家园.
Were it not for Adiya's team,it might have disappeared altogether, 如果不是阿迪亚的团队,它可能会完全消失,
but because of their work we may yet save this icon of the Gobi. 但由于他们的工作,我们可能还保存这个戈壁的图标.
Next time 下次
oceans. 海洋.
All marine life depends on the continuous movement of water. 所有海洋生物都依赖于水的持续运动.
Our oceans are linked by powerful tides 我们的海洋被强大的潮汐联系在一起
and where there are currents, 在有水流的地方,
there is life. 有生命.
The Open University has produced a free poster 开放大学制作了一张免费海报
exploring our perfect planet. 探索我们完美的星球.
To order,please call 0300 303 0901. 如需订购,请致电0300 303 0901.
Or go to bbc.co.uk/perfectplanet 或者去bbc.co.uk/perfectplanet
and follow the links to the Open University. 并按照链接到开放大学.